Glossary

This glossary collects key terms used across the KUB Docs.

A

Archive node

A node that stores the full block history of the KUB network

B

Block explorer

A tool for viewing blocks, transactions, accounts, tokens, and smart contracts on-chain

C

Chain ID

A unique network identifier that wallets and apps use to connect to the correct blockchain

D

dApp

A decentralized application that runs on a blockchain network

Delegator

A participant who delegates KUB Coin to a validator or pool node

E

ERC

Ethereum Request for Comments. A standard used by Ethereum for tokens and smart contract interfaces

F

Fork

A protocol change that updates the rules of the network

Full node

A node that validates network activity and serves chain data without producing blocks

G

Governance

The process used by the KUB community to discuss, approve, and adopt protocol and community changes

H

Hard fork

A protocol upgrade that is not backward-compatible with earlier node versions

K

KAP

KUB Application Protocol. A standard built for applications and tokens on the KUB network

KAP-20

A fungible token standard on KUB. It supports features such as adminTransfer

KAP-721

A non-fungible token standard on KUB for unique digital assets

KAP-1155

A multi-token standard on KUB that supports fungible and non-fungible tokens in one contract

KIP

KUB Improvement Proposal. A design document used to propose features, standards, and process changes for KUB

KKUB

Wrapped KUB Coin. Used in wallet and token flows on the KUB network

KUB

A rapid, secure, and high-performance Layer 1 blockchain network that is EVM-compatible

KUB Bridge

The native bridge used to move supported assets between KUB and selected networks

KUB Coin

The native coin of the KUB network. It is used for staking, fees, and network operations

KUB Developer Center

A platform for submitting dApps to the KUB ecosystem and accessing developer resources

KUB Faucet

A tool that dispenses free tKUB for testing on KUB Testnet

KUB Layer 2

A Layer 2 network built on top of KUB to increase throughput and reduce costs

KUB Mainnet

The live production network for KUB

KUB Scan

The block explorer for KUB Mainnet and KUB Testnet

KUB Testnet

The public testing network for KUB

KUB Wallet

A wallet with native support for the KUB network

L

Layer 1

The base blockchain that provides the main consensus and settlement layer

Layer 2

A secondary network built on top of a Layer 1 blockchain to improve scalability

M

Mainnet

A live blockchain environment that uses real assets

MetaMask

An EVM-compatible wallet that can connect to KUB as a custom network

N

NEXT SDK

An SDK for integrating dApps with KUB Wallet for authentication, user data access, and blockchain transactions

NFT

A non-fungible token that represents a unique digital asset

O

Official node

A node that steps in to create a block and trigger slashing when a validator misses its duties

Optimistic rollup

A rollup model that assumes bundled transactions are valid unless challenged with a fraud proof

P

Pool node

A validator node that allows other users to delegate KUB Coin to it

Proof-of-Authority (PoA)

A blockchain consensus mechanism that leverages validator reputation—rather than computational power or financial stake—to secure the network

Proof-of-Stake (PoS)

KUB's consensus mechanism, where validators and delegators stake KUB Coin to help secure the network

Proof-of-Stake-Authority (PoSA)

A hybrid blockchain consensus mechanism combining Proof of Stake (PoS) and Proof of Authority (PoA)

R

Rollup

A scaling method that bundles many transactions into one compressed transaction submitted to Layer 1

RPC URL

The endpoint that wallets and apps use to connect to a blockchain network

S

Slashing

A penalty applied to validators that fail to perform their duties

Slashing epoch

The tracking period used to measure validator performance for slashing

Smart contract

Code deployed on the blockchain that runs automatically when called

Soft fork

A backward-compatible protocol upgrade

Span

A unit used by the KUB network to measure validator activity windows

StakeManager

The core staking contract used for staking, unstaking, rewards, and validator configuration

Staking

Depositing KUB Coin to activate a validator or participate in network validation

T

Testnet

A blockchain environment used for testing without real assets

tKUB

The testnet version of KUB used on KUB test networks

V

Validator

A node or participant that validates transactions and helps secure the KUB network

ValidatorShare

A contract that manages delegation, undelegation, and delegator rewards for a validator node

W

Web3 wallet

A wallet that can connect to blockchain networks and sign transactions

Z

ZK rollup

A rollup model that uses cryptographic proofs to verify bundled transactions